What is Depression?
Depression is a common but serious mental health condition that affects how a person feels, thinks, and behaves.
It can cause persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, and a range of emotional and physical difficulties.
Depression can also impact daily functioning, relationships, and overall well-being.
Please note, that we are not a crisis service.
If you are experiencing severe symptoms of depression or want to harm yourself, we strongly recommend calling 999 immediately, attending your nearest A&E department, or contacting either your local NHS Crisis Resolution Team (CRT) and/or GP.
Symptoms of Depression
Depression presents differently from person to person, but common symptoms include:
Emotional Symptoms:
Persistent sadness, feelings of hopelessness, low self-esteem, or excessive guilt.
Cognitive Symptoms:
Difficulty concentrating, indecisiveness, and negative thought patterns.
Physical Symptoms:
Fatigue, changes in appetite or sleep patterns, unexplained aches and pains.
Behavioural Symptoms:
Social withdrawal, loss of motivation, reduced interest in previously enjoyed activities.
Severe Symptoms:
Thoughts of self-harm or suicide.
Causes of Depression
Depression is a complex mental health condition with no single cause. It often results from a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors.
Genetic vulnerability – A family history of depression can increase the risk.
Brain chemistry – Imbalances in neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine may play a role.
Stressful life events – Experiences such as trauma, loss, relationship breakdowns, or financial difficulties can trigger depressive episodes.
Medical conditions – Chronic illness, hormonal changes, or neurological disorders can contribute to symptoms of depression.
Personality factors – People with low self-esteem, perfectionism, or high levels of self-criticism may be more susceptible.
What is the Best Treatment for Depression?
Depression is treatable, and a personalised approach ensures the best outcomes. Evidence-based treatments recommended by NICE and SIGN guidelines include:
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): A structured, goal-oriented therapy that helps change negative thought patterns and behaviours.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): Focuses on mindfulness, acceptance, and value-based actions to help individuals navigate distress.
Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT): Helps individuals develop self-compassion and reduce self-criticism.
Interpersonal Therapy (IPT): Addresses relationship issues and social difficulties contributing to depression.
Medication: Antidepressants may be considered when psychological therapies alone are insufficient.
Lifestyle and Social Support: Regular exercise, healthy sleep, balanced nutrition, and strong social connections contribute to emotional well-being
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